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  • Description:
  • Rigid paralysis induced more severe abnormalities in curvature than flaccid paralysis. (A) E9 chick whole spine stained for cartilage. P: posterior; A: Anterior. (B) Overlays of curvatures in the sagittal plane of control spines (blue, n = 21), prolonged flaccidly paralyzed spines (orange, n = 7) and prolonged rigidly paralyzed spines (red, n = 8), with all spines aligned to thoracic vertebra 1 (T1). Regions of pronounced abnormal lordosis (green arrows) and kyphosis (purple stars) are highlighted. Scale Bars 2000 μm. (C) Geometric curvature (GC) analysis of flaccidly paralyzed spines (orange line, n = 7), rigid paralyzed spines (red line, n = 8) and control curves (blue line, n = 21). Y‐axis: 1/radius of curvature, represented by arbitrary units of length. GC > 0 lordotic curve, GC < 0 kyphotic curve, GC = 0 straight spine. X‐axis: the craniocaudal individual vertebrae. Significant differences were identified between paralysis regimes at C8 and C9, * p ≤ 0.05.; C: cervical; T: thoracic; L: lumbar; S: sacral.
  • License:
  • Rights Managed
  • Rights Holder:
  • John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • License Rights Holder:
  • © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
  • Asset Type:
  • Image
  • Asset Subtype:
  • Figure
  • Image Orientation:
  • Portrait
  • Image Dimensions:
  • 623 x 653
  • Image File Size:
  • 213 KB
  • Creator:
  • Rebecca A. Rolfe, James H. Bezer, Tyler Kim, Ahmed Z. Zaidon, Michelle L. Oyen, James C. Iatridis, Niamh C. Nowlan
  • Credit:
  • Rolfe, R. A., Bezer, J. H., Kim, T., Zaidon, A. Z., Oyen, M. L., Iatridis, J. C., & Nowlan, N. C. (2017). Abnormal fetal muscle forces result in defects in spinal curvature and alterations in vertebral segmentation and shape. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 35(10), 2135-2144..
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  • Property Release:
  • No
  • Model Release:
  • No
  • Purchasable:
  • Yes
  • Sensitive Materials:
  • No
  • Article Authors:
  • Rebecca A. Rolfe, James H. Bezer, Tyler Kim, Ahmed Z. Zaidon, Michelle L. Oyen, James C. Iatridis, Niamh C. Nowlan
  • Article Copyright Year:
  • 2017
  • Publication Volume:
  • 35
  • Publication Issue:
  • 10
  • Publication Date:
  • 10/01/2017
  • DOI:

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