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Description:
Prevalence of hypoglycaemia in studies that have evaluated the effect of reducing blood glucose concentration on outcomes in critical illness. The prevalence of hypoglycaemic episodes is strikingly increased during ‘intensive insulin therapy’ (IIT) when compared to ‘conventional’ therapy (control) with insulin. Leuven I – IIT: 5.0% vs. Control: <0.01%; p not reported; n = 1548 patients . Leuven II – patients that remained in ICU for ≥ 3 days: 25.1% vs. 3.9%; p < 0.001; n = 1200 patients . German Competence Network Sepsis Group – Intensive Insulin Therapy and Pentastarch Resuscitation in Severe Sepsis Efficacy of Volume Substitution and Insulin Therapy in Severe Sepsis (VISEP) (7.7% vs. 2.1%; p = 0.005; n = 537 patients) . The NICE‐SUGAR Study Investigators – Intensive versus Conventional Glucose Control in Critically Ill Patients (6.8% vs. 0.5%; p < 0.001; n = 6104 patients) . Glucontrol (8.7% vs. 2.7%; p < 0.001; n = 1101 patients) . The protocols for each of these studies are described in the text.

Credit:
Deane, A. M., & Horowitz, M. (2013). Dysglycaemia in the critically ill – significance and management. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 15(9), 792-801..